Setting Up Subversion (SVN) with SSH (svn+ssh) [StartupCTO]

Last Updated: 21 Nov 2020

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Author: 127.0.0.1

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= Setting Up Subversion (SVN) with SSH (svn+ssh) =

This is a quick guide on how to setup subversion using svn+ssh. svn+ssh lets us tunnel a subversion session over the secure SSH protocol, which means all data and passwords are encrypted. I like setting subversion up this way because:
# it authenticates against a real user account, so you don't have to maintain a seperate set of subversion logins and passwords.
# it is secure, so you don't have to worry about data or passwords being intercepted in transit.

This was done on CentOS, but the instructions apply to most any OS.

== Server Setup ==

# **Install Subversion.** The mechanics of installing it vary OS by OS; see the [[http://subversion.tigris.org/getting.html#binary-packages|'Getting subversion']] page for more. On CentOS, you'll do:<code>
yum install subversion
</code>
# **Create a Repository.** This is where all your files will be stored. You can put this anywhere; I generally think ''/var/svn/repos'' is a good place. Call your repo whatever you want; I used 'my_code':<code>
mkdir /var/svn
mkdir /var/svn/repos
svnadmin create /var/svn/repos/my_code
</code>
# **Setup a svn group.** You'll need all your users to be members of the same group. I generally setup an ''svn'' group, and give access to anybody who needs to access subversion.
# **Give your group ownership of the repos directory.** ''chown -R :svn /var/svn/repos/''
# **Set permissions on same.** ''chmod -R 775 /var/svn/repos/''
# **Setup a user** for each person who needs svn access. See [[server-tech:centos:adding-a-user]].
# **Add those users** to the ''svn'' group.
# **Create a wrapper for ''svnserve''.** ''svnserve'' is the server component of subversion; when your subversion client connects via SSH, it spawns an instance of ''svnserve'' running under your user account. The problem here is the '//under your user account//' part; that means it is running under your user account's permissions setup. By default, your permissions don't allow anyone else access to your files, and  yet ''svnserve'' is going to be writing files in the common user directory at ''/var/svn/repos'' that everyone needs write access to. Therefore, we can create a wrapper script that sets a ''umask'' for group-writable peermissions right before svnserve is called: <code>
#!/bin/sh 

# set the umask so files are group-wriable
umask 002

# call the 'real' svnserve, also passing in the default repo location
exec /usr/bin/svnserve "$@" -r /var/svn/repos
</code>Save this somewhere, like ''/var/svn/svnwrapper.sh''. Make a symlink in ''/usr/local/bin'':<code>
cd /usr/local/bin
ln -s /var/svn/svnwrapper.sh svnserve
chmod 755 /var/svn/svnwrapper.sh
</code> **Update 2 Dec 2010:** Per the comments from Fred & Timothy Boronczyk, I now recommend that you put the symlink in ''/usr/local/bin'' rather than ''/usr/bin'' as I originally recommended. This means you avoid having to move the original ''svnserve'' binary in ''/usr/bin''. The above scripts have been updated to reflect this new approach.
# **Import your initial directory set.** Generally, you'll want a set of directories called 'trunk', 'tags' and 'branches' at the lowest level of your repository. To get this setup:<code>
mkdir code
mkdir code/trunk
mkdir code/tags
mkdir code/branches
svn import code svn+ssh://USERNAME@SERVER/my_code -m 'inital import'
rm -rf code
</code>

That's it. The server is now setup.

== Client Setup ==
To checkout files, go to your local machine and issue a checkout command:
<code>
svn co svn+ssh://USERNAME@SERVER/my_code my_code_local_dir
</code>

In reality, you'll probably want to use a fancy graphical client like [[http://tortoisesvn.tigris.org/|TortiseSVN]] (Windows) or [[http://www.versionsapp.com/|Versions]] (OS X) to access your subversion server. Getting those setup is beyond the scope of this document, but there are many excellent tutorials.

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